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Latin American Women Filmmakers: Social and Cultural Perspectives
Traci Roberts-Camps
Women are noticeably marginalized from the Latin American film industry, with lower budgets and inadequate distribution, and they often rely on their creativity to make more interesting films. This book highlights the voices and stories of some of these directors from Brazil, Chile, Argentina, and Mexico. Roberts-Camps’s insightful exploration is the most broad-ranging account of its kind, making the book relevant to the study of literature as well as film.
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Tapping transboundary waters: Implications of the right to water for states sharing international watercourses
Anna F. S. Russell and Stephen C. McCaffrey
INTRODUCTION With population growth, and economic and agricultural development, placing greater strain on the world’s limited supply of freshwater, reliable access to clean water is becoming increasingly difficult to secure. Watercourses on all continents are under threat of overuse, increased pollution and in certain cases, large-scale diversion. Not only has the sector faced historical neglect and poor governance, but climate change poses additional challenges for managing the sector and protecting the resource. The political geography of the planet is dominated by international drainage basins, yet the obligations of governments towards individuals in other countries relying on shared waters are unclear. Traditionally, the law of human rights has protected the individual against his or her government, not against actions of governments of other countries. Thus, for instance, the failure of an individual’s government to take steps to progressively ensure access to adequate water would generally constitute a human rights violation. And, in fact, for most people who lack access to water, the problem lies internally within that country, and does not relate to use of a transboundary watercourse. However, if an individual’s lack of access to water is due to a neighbouring State’s use of an international watercourse, has that State violated the individual’s right to water? This chapter examines the implications of recognition of a human right to water for States sharing international watercourses. Section 2 provides some contextual background to transboundary water disputes and examples of uses of international watercourses that could infringe the human rights of individuals living in co-riparian States. Section 3 examines arguments relating to potential extraterritorial obligations of States to respect, protect and fulfil the right to water in the context of transboundary watercourses. Section 4 reviews accountability mechanisms for holding States responsible for any extraterritorial violations of the right to water. Section 5 discusses the influence of the right to water on existing international watercourse law along with suggestions as to how the right to water may inform the workings of international institutions (e.g. joint commissions) responsible for the management of such transboundary waters. CONTEXTUAL SETTING: RISING TENSIONS OVER THE USE OF INTERNATIONAL WATERCOURSES International river basins ‘generate roughly 60 per cent of the global freshwater flow and are home to approximately 40 per cent of the world’s population’.
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The Nature of Legal Interpretation: What jurists can learn about legal interpretation from linguistics and philosophy
Brian G. Slocum
Language shapes and reflects how we think about the world. It engages and intrigues us. Our everyday use of language is quite effortless—we are all experts on our native tongues. Despite this, issues of language and meaning have long flummoxed the judges on whom we depend for the interpretation of our most fundamental legal texts. Should a judge feel confident in defining common words in the texts without the aid of a linguist? How is the meaning communicated by the text determined? Should the communicative meaning of texts be decisive, or at least influential?
To fully engage and probe these questions of interpretation, this volume draws upon a variety of experts from several fields, who collectively examine the interpretation of legal texts. In The Nature of Legal Interpretation, the contributors argue that the meaning of language is crucial to the interpretation of legal texts, such as statutes, constitutions, and contracts. Accordingly, expert analysis of language from linguists, philosophers, and legal scholars should influence how courts interpret legal texts. Offering insightful new interdisciplinary perspectives on originalism and legal interpretation, these essays put forth a significant and provocative discussion of how best to characterize the nature of language in legal texts.
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From transaction to transformation: Organizational learning and knowledge creation experience within Informed Systems
Mary M. Somerville and Christine S. Bruce
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Historical Change and the Competitive Advantage of Firms: Explicating the "Dynamics" in the Dynamic Capabilities Framework
R. Daniel Wadhwani and Geoffrey Jones
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John Muir Observer Journal
Michael J. Wurtz, John Muir Center, and ForestChoice
John Muir was a constant observer, and he recorded his observations in one of his countless journals. The John Muir Observer Journal is a collaboration between the John Muir Center and ForestChoice designed to get you to observe the world around you like John Muir did. Each journal features 16 pages filled with drawings, notes and writings from John Muir’s personal records, along with 144 blank pages so you can record your own observations.
A portion of the proceeds from each journal will be donated to the John Muir Center and their effort to promote the study of John Muir’s work.
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At the Table: Food and Family Around the World
Ken Albala
What's for dinner? Not just in America, but around the world? And how is it cooked, what's the historical significance of that food, how is it served and consumed, and who gets to clean up? This book provides fascinating insight into how dinner is defined in countries around the world.
Almost universally, "dinner" is a key meal in most countries around the world, whether it be a simple dish of rice and beans, a slice of pizza on the go, or a multi-course formal meal. What do the specifics of how a meal is eaten—by hand instead of with utensils, for example—say about a specific culture? This fascinating one-volume reference guide examines all aspects of dinner in international settings, enabling insightful cross-cultural comparisons and an understanding of the effects of modernization and globalization on food habits.
Some 50 countries are covered in chapters focusing on present-day meal habits in Europe, Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and North and South America. The commentary covers everything about the meal, such as the time, the cooking and preparation, shopping for ingredients, the clean-up process, gender-based participation roles, conversation or other social interactions, and etiquette—just about everything that happens at the table. The book is ideal for classroom teaching and learning, as the entries and photos are conducive to teaching students about other cultures, directly supporting the National Geography Standards. Students will be able to make informed comparisons between their own lives and the various cultural experiences described in the book.
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An integrative model for the ICC's enforcement of arrest and surrender requests: Toward a more political court?
Nadia Banteka
International criminal courts and tribunals have been established on a belying enforcement paradox between their significant mandate and their inherent lack of enforcement powers. Their endogenous frailty lies in the predicament that, unlike their national counterparts, they are not backed by systemic law enforcement. Instead, they are left to rely on external forces to procure enforcement. Although the creation of a permanent International Criminal Court marked a fundamental turning point in the pursuit of international criminal justice, the icc must also rely on state cooperation and judicial assistance in order to secure arrests. Despite the solid legal underpinnings of the enforcement regime under the Rome Statute, I argue that the icc has thus far failed to achieve desired results due to its persistence in rejecting the factoring of politics in the enforcement of arrest requests equation. For this reason, I suggest a perspective of the arrest and surrender enforcement that not only recognizes the relevance of politics in its sphere but also capitalizes on it. Accordingly, I argue that by fully comprehending its enforcement tools, making use of its political role and the realities surrounding it, the Office of the Prosecutor (otp) may increase its rates in the apprehension of suspects, and therefore secure higher levels of judicial enforcement. Part of this role is the challenge for the icc to successfully convince skeptical states of there being a way to engage with the Court which does not result in an attrition of their sovereignty but in its enrichment. Nevertheless, little reference has been made to the Court's bargaining leverage in order to attract key actors in the regional and global political power-play that could affect the situations before the Court. This is probably due to the, oftentimes accurate, perception that those key actors appear to be vocally opposed to the icc.
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Exhibiting patriotism: Creating and contesting interpretations of American historic sites
Teresa Bergman
American nationalism, patriotism and citizenship are proudly on display at historical sites across America―but they are also contested and reshaped by visitors and their engagement with those places. In Exhibiting Patriotism, Bergman analyzes exhibits, interpretive materials, and orientation films at major US sites, from Mt. Rushmore and to the USS Arizona Memorial, where controversy has erupted over the stories they tell about the past. She shows how historic narratives are the result of dynamic relationships between institutions and the public, and how these relationships are changing in an era when museums are becoming more visitor-centered, seeing visitors as partners in historical interpretation. Drawing on film theory, memory studies, visual communication, and visitor studies, Bergman offers an important analysis for scholars and professionals in American studies, museum studies, public history, and communication and media studies.
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Technologies for Detecting Botulinum Neurotoxins in Biological and Environmental Matrices
Luisa W. Cheng, Kirkwood M. Land, Christina C. Tam, D. L. Brandon, and L. H. Stanker
Biomonitoring of food and environmental matrices is critical for the rapid and sensitive diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases caused by toxins. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has noted that toxins from bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants present an ongoing public health threat, especially since some of these toxins could compromise security of the food supply. Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), produced by Clostridium spp., are among those bacterial toxins that pose life-threatening danger to humans. BoNTs inhibit the release of acetylcholine at peripheral cholinergic nerve terminals and cause flaccid paralysis. BoNTs are grouped in seven serotypes and many subtypes within these groups. Rapid and accurate identification of these toxins in contaminated food as well as in environmental matrices can help direct treatment. Herein, we discuss current methods to detect BoNTs with a focus on how these technologies have been used to identify toxins in various food and environmental matrices. We also discuss the emergence of new serotypes and subtypes of BoNTs and the increasing number of cases of botulism in wildlife. Finally, we consider how environmental changes impact food safety for humans and present new challenges for detection technology.
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Melania: Early Christianity through the Life of One Family
Catherine M. Chin and Caroline T. Schroeder
Melania the Elder and her granddaughter Melania the Younger were major figures in early Christian history, using their wealth, status, and forceful personalities to shape the development of nearly every aspect of the religion we now know as Christianity. This volume examines their influence on late antique Christianity and provides an insightful portrait of their legacies in the modern world. Departing from the traditionally patriarchal view, Melania gives a poignant and sometimes surprising account of how the rise of Christian institutions in the Roman Empire shaped our understanding of women’s roles in the larger world.
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Can something be done? Propositions on the performance of metropolitan institutions
Steven P. Erie, John J. Kirlin, and Francine Rabinovitz
A selection of books and book chapters written or edited by faculty at the University of the Pacific.
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