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Against order(s): Dictatorship, absurdism and the plays of sony labou tansi
Macelle Mahala
Congolese playwright, director and novelist Sony Labou Tansi created a large body of work during his most prolific period, the late 1970s to mid-1990s, while living through a series of political coups and authoritarian governments.1 For two decades, Tansi’s plays, novels and essays offered an array of diverse forms of resistance to dictatorship. Alternately celebrated for his international success,2 harassed by state authorities,3 and posthumously accused of ethnic factionalism,4 Tansi’s career is a searing example of an artist writing through authoritarian conditions and political upheavals. Educated under a repressive colonial system, Tansi witnessed independence and the establishment of a Marxist state, participated in political efforts that brought about the creation of a new constitution and the emergence of an ostensibly multiparty democratic system in 1992, and suffered from the state of violence and chaos into which the Congo was plunged after the parliamentary elections of 1993 were contested and the nation entered a prolonged period of civil strife that eventually escalated into civil war. At the end of his life Tansi suffered personally for his political activities when his passport was revoked; the medical treatment he sought for himself and his wife in France for their AIDS-related illness was fatally delayed and they both died upon their return to the Congo in 1995 (Thomas 2002: 57; Kirkup 1995: n.p.).
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Business Planning: From the Perspective of the Dentist and the Banker
Nader A. Nadershahi, Lucinda J. Lyon, and L. Itaya
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Building New China, Colonizing Kokonor: Agricultural Resettlement to Qinghai in the 1950s
Gregory Rohlf
Building New China, Colonizing Kokonor: Resettlement to Qinghai in the 1950s examines rural resettlement to the Sino-Tibetan cultural borderlands in the 1950s. More than 100,000 eastern Han and Hui Chinese were sent to Qinghai province—known in Mongolian as Kokonor and Amdo to Tibetans—to plow up new fields in areas that were being incorporated into the Chinese state for the first time. The settlers were to bring their skilled labor, literacy, and modern thinking to “backward” Qinghai to fully exploit its natural resources of oil, natural gas, gold, and empty lands for the benefit of the industrializing nation. The book is a social and political history of resettlement, focusing on the people who were moved and the overall impact the program had on the province. It is a frontier history, but it also narrates a story of state building in modern China that spans the twentieth century and the opening years of the twenty-first.
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Contested Environments: Drivers and Dynamics in the US Marijuana Industry
Dara Szyliowicz and Tammy Madsen
A common view in institutional theory is that, over time, fields and industries will become more settled and stable. Yet, under certain conditions, change and contention are often more frequent and enduring. If contestation is persistent then actors must continuously contend with how to respond to shifting environmental conditions. But what conditions contribute to ongoing industry contestation? We posit that when an industry is characterized by multiple, conflicting normative, cognitive and regulatory orders as well as multiple heterogeneous actors who are endogenous and exogenous to the industry, it will be more susceptible to substantial ongoing contestation. We examine the US marijuana industry in order to understand these dynamics. Specifically, we identify and test the role of five primary drivers of contestation — heterogeneity of actors and practices, regulations, competing institutional logics, institutional voids and competing social belief systems. Our findings suggest that all five sources are crucial to understanding an industry’s development.
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Small Scale Credit Institutions: Historical Perspectives on Diversity in Financial Intermediation
R. Daniel Wadhwani
This chapter begins by examining the reasons for the growing historiographical and theoretical interest in small-scale credit institutions, and in understanding variations in the institutional arrangements of intermediaries more broadly. It then briefly surveys the literature on a selection of these institutions—ROSCAs, savings banks, credit cooperatives, and building associations—to identify patterns of organization and development over time and place. Finally, it examines a number of theoretical perspectives that have been used to account for variation in in the organizational size, form, and practices that such small credit institutions embody. Specifically it considers transaction cost theories, location-based theories, socio-political theories, and cultural/narrative theories, and assesses their contributions and limitations in understanding the sources of variation and change in institutional arrangements.
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Sage Encyclopedia of Food Issues
Ken Albala
The SAGE Encyclopedia of Food Issues explores the topic of food across multiple disciplines within the social sciences and related areas including business, consumerism, marketing, and environmentalism. In contrast to the existing reference works on the topic of food that tend to fall into the categories of cultural perspectives, this carefully balanced academic encyclopedia focuses on social and policy aspects of food production, safety, regulation, labeling, marketing, distribution, and consumption. A sampling of general topic areas covered includes Agriculture, Labor, Food Processing, Marketing and Advertising, Trade and Distribution, Retail and Shopping, Consumption, Food Ideologies, Food in Popular Media, Food Safety, Environment, Health, Government Policy, and Hunger and Poverty. This encyclopedia introduces students to the fascinating, and at times contentious, and ever-so-vital field involving food issues.
A selection of books and book chapters written or edited by faculty at the University of the Pacific.
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