Selective antagonism of the GABA(A) receptor by ciprofloxacin and biphenylacetic acid

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

British Journal of Pharmacology

ISSN

0007-1188

Volume

122

Issue

3

DOI

10.1038/sj.bjp.0701411

First Page

584

Last Page

590

Publication Date

10-20-1997

Abstract

1. Previous studies have shown that ciprofloxacin and biphenylacetic acid (BPAA) synergistically inhibit γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)(A) receptors. In the present study, we have investigated the actions of these two drugs on other neuronal ligand-gated ion channels. 2. Agonist-evoked depolarizations were recorded from rat vagus and optic nerves in vitro by use of an extracellular recording technique. 3. GABA (50 μM)-evoked responses, in the vagus nerve in vitro, were inhibited by bicuculline (0.3-10 μM) and picrotoxin (0.3-10 μM), with IC values and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of 1.2 μM (1.1-1.4) and 3.6 μM (3.0-4.3), respectively, and were potentiated by sodium pentobarbitone (30 μM) and diazepam (1 μM) to (mean ± s.e.mean) 168 ± 18% and 117 ± 4% of control, respectively. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; 0.5 μM)-evoked responses were inhibited by MDL 72222 (1 μM) to 10 ± 4% of control; DMPP (10 μM)-evoked responses were inhibited by hexamethonium (100 μM) to 12 ± 5% of control, and αβMeATP (30 μM)-evoked responses were inhibited by PPADS (10 μM) to 21 ± 5% of control. Together, these data are consistent with activation of GABA(A), 5-HT , nicotinic ACh and P2(X) receptors, respectively. 4. Ciprofloxacin (10-3000 μM) inhibited GABA(A)-mediated responses in the vagus nerve with an IC (and 95% CI) of 202 μM (148-275). BPAA (1-1000 μM) had little or no effect on the GABA(A)-mediated response but concentration-dependently potentiated the effects of ciprofloxacin by up to 33,000 times. 5. Responses mediated by 5-HT , nicotinic ACh and P2(X) receptors in the vagus nerve and strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors in the optic nerve were little or unaffected by ciprofloxacin (100 μM ), BPAA (100 μM) or the combination of these drugs (both at 100 μM). 6. GABA (1 mM)-evoked responses in the optic nerve were inhibited by bicuculline with an IC of 3.6 μM (2.8-4.5), a value not significantly different from that determined in the vagus nerve. Ciprofloxacin also inhibited the GABA-evoked response with an IC of 334 μM (256-437) and BPAA (100 μM) potentiated these antagonist effects. However, the magnitude of the synergy was 48 times less than that seen in the vagus nerve. 7. These data indicate that ciprofloxacin and BPAA are selective antagonists of GABA(A) receptors, an action that may contribute to their excitatory effects in vivo. Additionally, our data suggest that the molecular properties of GABA(A) receptors in different regions of the CNS influence the extent to which these drugs synergistically inhibit the GABA(A) receptor. 50 3 50 3 50 50

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