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Ternary Phase Diagram Determinations Concerning Potassium Electrolyte Influence On Aqueous Solutions Of Dioxane Or Tetrahydrofuran

Author

John Albert McNaney, University of the Pacific

Date of Award

1967

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)

Department

Graduate School

First Advisor

Howard K. Zimmerman

First Committee Member

Richard P. Dodge

Second Committee Member

Charles M. Roscoe

Third Committee Member

Paul H. Gross

Fourth Committee Member

Herschel Frye

Abstract

For the graphical representation of the mutual, partial solubilities of a·ternary system, a diagram is generally employed which is based upon the equilateral triangle, whose properties are especially felicitous for this-purpose.

In this study, the phase diagrams for the following systems were determined: potassium acetate-water-dioxane, potassium acetate-water-tetrahydrofuran, potassium benzoate-water-dioxane, potassium benzoate-watertetrahydrofuran, potassium chloride-water-tetrahydrofuran, and potassium hydroxide-water-dioxane.

The systems, potassium acetate-water-dioxane and potassium hydroxidewater-dioxane, were investigated at 25° and 85°. This study indicates that they are, to a slight degree, temperature dependent. When these systems were plotted on a mole-percentage basis, it was found that both potassium compounds have about the same phase separating ability per molecule.

The solubility curves of potassiwn benzoate in water-dioxane and in water-tetrahydrofuran solutions were determined through the employment of a modified Schreinemakers "wet residue" method. It was established that this salt cannot stratify aqueous solutions of either dioxane or tetrahycirofuran into two liquid phases.

The phase diagram of potassium chloride-water-tetrahydrofuran was the only diagram, of those determined in this study, in which an invariant point was discovered. The reason such an invariant point exists is related to the fact that potassium chloride does not produce a salting-out effect through the full percentage composition range of this ternary mixture.

Other investigators have found that the greater the water solubility of a given alkali-metal salt, the greater is its salting-out effect. The water solubility of the salts investigated in this study are compared as follows: potassium acetate >> potassium chloride >> potassium benzoate. Potassium acetate was found to have the greatest capacity to stratify aqueous solutions of tetrahydrofuran and aqueous solutions of dioxane, potassium chloride has a lesser capacity to bring this about, and potassium benzoate cannot stratify these solutions.

Within the limits of precision available in this work, none of the electrolytes investigated was found to be soluble in either of the organic solvents employed.

Pages

64

Recommended Citation

McNaney, John Albert. (1967). Ternary Phase Diagram Determinations Concerning Potassium Electrolyte Influence On Aqueous Solutions Of Dioxane Or Tetrahydrofuran. University of the Pacific, Dissertation. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3058