Department

Nursing

Abstract

Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies among men worldwide, with incidence rates rising steadily over the past decades. Although the widespread adoption of PSA screening has improved early detection, it has also sparked extensive debate regarding overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Against this backdrop, balancing the avoidance of unnecessary interventions with the need to ensure favorable patient outcomes has become a central challenge in clinical decision-making. Methods: Articles published from 2010 through 2025 were searched in five databases. The cross-sectional and cohort studies examined the effects of treatment options on localized prostate cancer. Results: From the analysis of the seven studies, the pooled effect on men’s sexual functions revealed logQR = 0.93, 95% CI [0.22, 1.64], p = 0.01, urinary functions at logQR = 2.38, 95% CI [1.29, 3.48], p < 0.01, bowel functions at logQR = 3.76, 95% CI [1.94, 5.59], p < 0.01. Age factors pooled at d = 0.76, 95% CI [0.11, 1.42], p = 0.02, PSA pooled at g = −0.61, 95% CI [−1.15, −0.07], p = 0.03, and clinical state pooled at logQR = 0.66, 95% CI [0.14, 1.17], p = 0.01. Conclusions: The quest for better management of prostate cancer among men continues to gain momentum in the face of opposition to radical surgery. Active surveillance has gained more popularity as it allows men to preserve those areas valued for quality of life. It has been observed that radical prostatectomy negatively affects the sexual, urinary, and bowel functions of men more than other treatment options.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

8-2026

Publication Title

Open Journal of Nursing

Volume

16

Issue

8

DOI

doi.org/10.4236/ojn.2026.168033

First Page

454

Last Page

467

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Download

Included in

Nursing Commons

Share

COinS