Effect of Surgical Drill-Bit Geometry in Deep-Hole Bone Drilling
Poster Number
12
Format
Poster Presentation
Faculty Mentor Name
Dr. JuEun Lee
Faculty Mentor Department
Mechanical Engineering
Abstract/Artist Statement
Deep-hole bone drilling refers to bone drilling processes where drilling depths are greater than ten times the drill-bit diameter. Many surgical procedures, due to a high drilling depth to drill-bit diameter ratio, can lead to undesirable mechanical/thermal damage. A previous study observed completely different behavior in deep-hole bone drilling compared to shallower drilling depths. Force signals during deep-hole bone drilling showed an abnormal trend with abrupt increases after a certain drilling depth, attributed to chip jamming inside the drill-bit flutes. This considerable force increase can cause several complications, such as bone-cell death by increasing heat generation and drill-bit breakage. Hence, it is critical to resolve these current force issues in deep-hole bone drilling. This study aims to investigate how different types of drill-bit influence the deep-hole bone drilling forces. Two different types of drill-bits were selected: parabolic drill-bits which have a constant flute area along the drill-bit body, and conventional twist drill-bits, where the flute areas decrease toward the shank of the drill-bit. Both drill-bit types were of 2.5mm diameter, commonly used in many surgeries. A series of drilling tests were conducted on a computer numerically controlled machine and bovine cortical bones were used as bone samples. To evaluate bone drilling performance from the different drill-bit types, forces and temperature signals were measured over drilling depth using a dynamometer and infrared thermal camera, respectively. The results indicate that maximum thrust force and torque values considerably decreased with parabolic drill-bits, showing more constant force trends, while conventional twist drill-bits showed abnormal force trends after a certain drilling depth. Increasing measured forces directly related to temperature increases, and this study observed considerably higher maximum temperatures using conventional twist drill-bits. The findings of this study can be a strong foundation to provide solutions to current deep-hole bone drilling, leading to successful surgical outcomes.
Location
University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Ave., Stockton, CA 95211
Start Date
24-4-2021 1:00 PM
End Date
24-4-2021 2:15 PM
Effect of Surgical Drill-Bit Geometry in Deep-Hole Bone Drilling
University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Ave., Stockton, CA 95211
Deep-hole bone drilling refers to bone drilling processes where drilling depths are greater than ten times the drill-bit diameter. Many surgical procedures, due to a high drilling depth to drill-bit diameter ratio, can lead to undesirable mechanical/thermal damage. A previous study observed completely different behavior in deep-hole bone drilling compared to shallower drilling depths. Force signals during deep-hole bone drilling showed an abnormal trend with abrupt increases after a certain drilling depth, attributed to chip jamming inside the drill-bit flutes. This considerable force increase can cause several complications, such as bone-cell death by increasing heat generation and drill-bit breakage. Hence, it is critical to resolve these current force issues in deep-hole bone drilling. This study aims to investigate how different types of drill-bit influence the deep-hole bone drilling forces. Two different types of drill-bits were selected: parabolic drill-bits which have a constant flute area along the drill-bit body, and conventional twist drill-bits, where the flute areas decrease toward the shank of the drill-bit. Both drill-bit types were of 2.5mm diameter, commonly used in many surgeries. A series of drilling tests were conducted on a computer numerically controlled machine and bovine cortical bones were used as bone samples. To evaluate bone drilling performance from the different drill-bit types, forces and temperature signals were measured over drilling depth using a dynamometer and infrared thermal camera, respectively. The results indicate that maximum thrust force and torque values considerably decreased with parabolic drill-bits, showing more constant force trends, while conventional twist drill-bits showed abnormal force trends after a certain drilling depth. Increasing measured forces directly related to temperature increases, and this study observed considerably higher maximum temperatures using conventional twist drill-bits. The findings of this study can be a strong foundation to provide solutions to current deep-hole bone drilling, leading to successful surgical outcomes.