Towards multiomic analysis of oral mucosal pathologies

ORCiD

David Ojcius: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1461-4495

Department

Biomedical Sciences

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

Seminars in Immunopathology

ISSN

1863-2300

Volume

45

Issue

1

DOI

10.1007/s00281-022-00982-0

First Page

111

Last Page

123

Publication Date

2-15-2023

Abstract

Oral mucosal pathologies comprise an array of diseases with worldwide prevalence and medical relevance. Affecting a confined space with crucial physiological and social functions, oral pathologies can be mutilating and drastically reduce quality of life. Despite their relevance, treatment for these diseases is often far from curative and remains vastly understudied. While multiple factors are involved in the pathogenesis of oral mucosal pathologies, the host’s immune system plays a major role in the development, maintenance, and resolution of these diseases. Consequently, a precise understanding of immunological mechanisms implicated in oral mucosal pathologies is critical (1) to identify accurate, mechanistic biomarkers of clinical outcomes; (2) to develop targeted immunotherapeutic strategies; and (3) to individualize prevention and treatment approaches. Here, we review key elements of the immune system’s role in oral mucosal pathologies that hold promise to overcome limitations in current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We emphasize recent and ongoing multiomic and single-cell approaches that enable an integrative view of these pathophysiological processes and thereby provide unifying and clinically relevant biological signatures.

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