Cardiovascular Responses To Exercise Vary Between Cancer And Type 2 Diabetes

Document Type

Conference Presentation

Department

Health, Exercise, and Sport Sciences Department

Conference Title

American College of Sports Medicine - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise conference

Organization

American College of Sports Medicine

Location

San Francisco, CA

Date of Presentation

5-28-2020

Journal Publication

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

ISSN

0195-9131

DOI

10.1249/01.mss.0000679136.27230.da

Volume

52

Issue

7S

First Page

478

Abstract

Cancer and diabetes are among the most common and fatal diseases in the United States. Following diagnosis, approximately 25% of patients develop additional chronic conditions with hypertension being the most prevalent. Exercise can mitigate this risk; however, its effect is commonly tested in isolated clinical populations. There are fewer comparative analyses. PURPOSE: To compare cardiovascular responses to structured exercise among patients with cancer and type 2 diabetes. METHODS: We enrolled patients who had a diagnosis of cancer or type 2 diabetes in an exercise program lasting 10 weeks. Before and after the intervention, we assessed resting heart rate (RHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Independent-samples t-tests compared the characteristics of each sample at baseline. Mixed model ANOVA with repeated measures compared cardiovascular changes between diagnostic groups. Linear regression tested the effect of diagnosis on change values holding confounders constant. RESULTS: Among subjects who completed the program, 58 had a diagnosis of cancer and 39 had a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. At baseline, cancer survivors had lower SBP (p=0.006); groups did not differ in DBP, MAP, or RHR (p>0.250). Overall, subjects experienced a reduction in DBP (p=0.007) and exhibited a trend for improvement in MAP (p=0.052), but not RHR or SBP (p>0.100). There were interaction effects with diagnosis in DBP (p=0.044) and MAP (p=0.013), and there was a trend with SBP (p=0.064). Holding confounding variables constant, patients with diabetes improved more in DBP (β=-5.046, p=0.003) and MAP (β=-5.334, p=0.003) than cancer survivors. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic disease populations differ in their responses to exercise. In our sample, patients with type 2 diabetes experienced larger reductions in blood pressure than cancer survivors, demonstrating the importance of individualized exercise prescription in diverse clinical samples.

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