Antimicrobial Efficacy of Edible Mushroom Extracts: Assessment of Fungal Resistance

Authors

• Jong H. Kim, USDA ARS Western Regional Research Center (WRRC)
• Christina C. Tam, USDA ARS Western Regional Research Center (WRRC)
• Kathleen L. Chan, USDA ARS Western Regional Research Center (WRRC)
• Noreen Mahoney, USDA ARS Western Regional Research Center (WRRC)
• Luisa W. Cheng, USDA ARS Western Regional Research Center (WRRC)
• Mendel Friedman, USDA ARS Western Regional Research Center (WRRC)
• Kirkwood M. Land, University of the PacificFollow

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

Applied Sciences Switzerland

Department

Biological Sciences

ISSN

20763417

Volume

12

Issue

9

DOI

10.3390/app12094591

First Page

1

Last Page

15

Publication Date

4-30-2022

Abstract

Antimicrobial efficacy of the water or methanolic extracts of three medicinal mushrooms Taiwanofungus camphoratus, Agaricus blazei Murrill, and Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst were investigated against yeast and filamentous fungal pathogens as well as against commensal and pathogenic bacteria. The methanolic extract of T. camphoratus (TcM) exhibited both potent antifungal and antibacterial activity, while the water extract of T. camphoratus (TcW) showed limited antibac-terial activity against Listeria monocytogenes. Neither the methanolic nor water extracts of A. blazei and G. lucidum exhibited antimicrobial activity. In the risk assessment testing monitoring the development of fungal tolerance to mushroom extracts in food matrices, two P. expansum mitogen-acti-vated protein kinase (MAPK) mutants exhibited a tolerance to TcM. In a proof-of-concept bioassay using the natural benzoic salicylaldehyde (SA), P. expansum and A. fumigatus MAPK antioxidant mutants showed similar tolerance to SA, suggesting that natural ingredients in TcM such as benzoic derivatives could negatively affect the efficacy of TcM when antioxidant mutants are targeted. Con-clusion: TcM could be developed as a food ingredient having antimicrobial potential. The antimi-crobial activity of TcM operates via the intact MAPK antioxidant signaling system in microbes, however, mutants lacking genes in the MAPK system escape the toxicity triggered by TcM. There-fore, caution should be exercised in the use of TcM so as to not adversely affect food safety and quality by triggering the resistance of antioxidant mutants in contaminated food.

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Recommended Citation

Kim, Jong H.; Tam, Christina C.; Chan, Kathleen L.; Mahoney, Noreen; Cheng, Luisa W.; Friedman, Mendel; and Land, Kirkwood M., "Antimicrobial Efficacy of Edible Mushroom Extracts: Assessment of Fungal Resistance" (2022). Pacific Faculty Work. 186.
https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/all-faculty/186