Campus Access Only

All rights reserved. This publication is intended for use solely by faculty, students, and staff of University of the Pacific. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, now known or later developed, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the author or the publisher.

Date of Award

2004

Document Type

Thesis - Pacific Access Restricted

Degree Name

Master of Science (M.S.)

Department

Pharmacy Practice

First Advisor

Paul Williams

First Committee Member

James Uchizono

Second Committee Member

Marcus Ravnan

Abstract

It has been recommended by the FDA and others that the population pharmacokinetic models (PPKM) need to be validated. This is particularly true when the model plays a key role in the construction of dosing strategies. It was the objective of the current study to evaluate the ability of bootstrapping to identify PPKMs that were estimated from data without influence observations versus PPKMs from data containing influence observations. The evaluation was performed in four phases. In phase I, ten no-influence index datasets and ten influence index datasets were created. A model parameter (theta !) was estimated for the index datasets. It was found that influence observations caused an over-estimation of the model parameter. In phase II, 200 bootstrap datasets were resampled with replacement from each of the twenty index datasets ( 4000 datasets total).

In phase III, the bootstrapping validation method was executed using NONMEM for model estimation and the resulting statistics were used to detect models developed from influence data. The metrics of choice were mean absolute prediction error (MAPE) and mean squared prediction error (MSPE). In phase IV, the impact of achieving a global minimum in the NONMEM program on the non-parametric bootstrap validation process was investigated. This study showed that the current and widely followed procedure for application of the bootstrap for PPK model validation has significant deficiencies. The achievement of a global minimum in the NONMEM program proved to be an important and pivotal factor when applying bootstrapping to the PPKM validation process. Therefore, we concluded that each bootstrap dataset should be evaluated with several model control streams. Further, the suggested value for an acceptable difference between the NONMEM minimum objective function values for a global and a near global minimum should be 2.5 units.

Pages

135

To access this thesis/dissertation you must have a valid pacific.edu email address and log-in to Scholarly Commons.

Find in PacificSearch

Share

COinS

If you are the author and would like to grant permission to make your work openly accessible, please email

 

Rights Statement

Rights Statement

In Copyright. URI: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).