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Date of Award

1936

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Arts (M.A.)

Department

Chemistry

First Advisor

Arthur t. Bawden

First Committee Member

J. H. Jonte

Abstract

The introduction of chlorine into hydrocarbon compounds produces a product with properties markedly different from those of the original hydrocarbon. Methane, a gas at ordinary conditions, becomes methyl chloride, still a gas but having a higher condensation point than methane, upon the substitution of one chlorine atom in place of a hydrogen atom per molecule of methane. Upon the introduction of three atoms of chlorine per molecule of methane, chloroform, a very volatile liquid, is formed, and upon the introduction of four atoms of chlorine carbon tetrachloride, a less volatile liquid is produced.

Chlorination takes place in a “saturated” hydrocarbon by substitution, while in an “unsaturated” hydrocarbon it may take place both by substitution and addition.

Asphalt is composed largely of hydrocarbons with a small amount of compounds of sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. The hydrocarbons are principally naphthenes, cyclic compounds, which may be represented by the type formula CnH2n. The lowest member of the series, cyclopropane has the structural formula: [see PDF file for formula]

This series is “saturated”, but “unsaturated compounds with a similar structure can occur. Such a compound would be cyclopropane, [see PDF file for formula]

Pages

36

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